Упражнение №11

Английский язык 7 класс учебник Ваулина, Дули ответы – страница 11

Авторы: Ваулина Ю. Е., Дули Д., Подоляко О. Е.

Часть: без частей.

Год: 2023.

Серия: Школа России (ФГОС).

Издательство: Просвещение.

Автор

Материал подготовила:

Ксения Кудряшева

MODULE 1 d. CULTURE CORNER. LANDMARKS OF THE BRITISH ISLES — МОДУЛЬ 1 д. КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ УГОЛОК. ДОСТОПРИМЕЧАТЕЛЬНОСТИ БРИТАНСКИХ ОСТРОВОВ.

Grammar Reference — Грамматический справочник

both + N and N: both a fortress and a family home;

both + of + pronoun: both of us

Перевод:

• оба

оба + существ. во множ. ч.: оба друга

оба + существ. + существ.: и крепость и семейный дом

оба + of + местоимение: мы оба

Упражнение 1

Look at the map of the United Kingdom. What is the capital of each country (part)? What do you know about these countries? — Посмотри на карту Соединённого Королевства. Какой город является столицей каждой страны (части)? Что ты знаешь об этих странах?

Scotland is a truly unique and captivating country that’s part of the United Kingdom, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

When you think of Scotland, a few things probably spring to mind immediately:

• Stunning Landscapes: It’s famous for its breathtaking natural beauty. From the dramatic, rugged Highlands with their ancient mountains and mysterious lochs (like the legendary Loch Ness!) to the picturesque islands off its coast, Scotland offers some of the most spectacular scenery in the world. Then there are the rolling hills of the Lowlands and the beautiful, often wild, coastlines.

• Rich History and Culture: Scotland is steeped in history. You’ll find ancient castles (like Edinburgh Castle perched high above the city), historic battlefields, and fascinating stories of kings, queens, clans, and fierce independence. Its culture is vibrant and distinctive, known for things like:

• Bagpipes: The iconic sound that evokes images of Highland gatherings.

• Kilts: The traditional pleated garment, often in specific clan tartans.

• Whisky: Scotland is world-renowned for its Scotch whisky, with distilleries dotted across the country.

• Haggis: The national dish, often served with “neeps and tatties” (turnips and potatoes).

• Robert Burns: The beloved national poet, celebrated every year on Burns Night.

• Vibrant Cities: While famous for its wild landscapes, Scotland also boasts dynamic cities. Edinburgh, the capital, is a UNESCO World Heritage site, a city of stunning architecture, a historic Old Town, and a buzzing arts scene (especially during the Fringe Festival). Glasgow is Scotland's largest city, known for its Victorian architecture, world-class museums, fantastic shopping, and a lively music scene.

• Friendly People: Scots are generally known for their warmth, wit, and hospitality. You'll often find a good sense of humour and a welcoming atmosphere.

• Unique Wildlife: Beyond Nessie, Scotland is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including red deer, golden eagles, puffins, seals, and even dolphins and whales off its coasts.

In essence, Scotland is a land of ancient myths and modern innovation, wild beauty and urban charm, strong traditions and a forward-looking spirit. It's a place that truly captures the imagination!

First off, when most people think of Great Britain, they often picture England — with London, Big Ben, red double-decker buses, and the Royal Family. But it's important to remember that Great Britain is actually an island made up of three countries: England, Scotland, and Wales. Each has its own distinct identity, traditions, and even languages (Welsh is still spoken in parts of Wales, and Scottish Gaelic in Scotland).

History is a huge part of its identity. We're talking about Roman invasions, Viking raids, medieval castles, powerful empires, and two World Wars. You can practically trip over a historical site wherever you go, from Stonehenge to ancient Roman baths in Bath, and countless cathedrals and castles.

Culturally, Great Britain has given the world so much. Think about literature: Shakespeare, Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, J.K. Rowling — the list goes on and on. Then there’s music: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Queen, Adele, Ed Sheeran ... a massive influence on global music. And of course, football (soccer) is practically a religion there, with passionate fans and famous clubs.

Politically, it’s a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy. This means they have a King (currently King Charles III) as head of state, but the real power lies with the elected Parliament and Prime Minister. The “Mother of Parliaments” is a pretty big deal in terms of how modern democracies developed.

And what about the stereotypes? Well, yes, they do love their tea! And the weather can be a bit... unpredictable, often rainy and grey, but that just makes those sunny days even more special. You’ll also find a good sense of humour, often dry and self-deprecating, and a strong tradition of pubs as community hubs.

From the rugged Highlands of Scotland to the rolling hills of the English countryside, the beautiful Welsh coastline, and the bustling cosmopolitan cities, Great Britain is a fascinating and diverse place with a rich tapestry of stories, traditions, and people. It’s a country that has shaped the world in countless ways and continues to be a major player on the global stage.

First off, let’s get one thing straight: Wales is a country within the United Kingdom, alongside England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It’s not just a region or a county; it has its own distinct identity, culture, and even its own parliament (the Senedd Cymru / Welsh Parliament) that makes laws on many domestic matters.

One of the most striking things about Wales is its language: Welsh (Cymraeg). It’s one of the oldest living languages in Europe, a beautiful Celtic tongue that sounds completely different from English. While English is spoken everywhere, you’ll see Welsh on all road signs, hear it on the radio, and many people speak it as their first language, especially in the north and west. There’s been a huge effort to revive and promote Welsh, and it’s thriving!

Geographically, Wales is a land of stunning natural beauty. Think dramatic mountain ranges like Snowdonia (Eryri), which boasts the highest peak in England and Wales, Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon). Then there are the rolling green valleys, ancient forests, and an incredible coastline dotted with sandy beaches, rugged cliffs, and charming fishing villages. It’s a paradise for hikers, climbers, surfers, and anyone who loves the outdoors.
And speaking of the outdoors, Wales is often called the “land of castles.” You can barely drive a few miles without stumbling upon another magnificent fortress, many of them built by Edward I of England to subdue the Welsh. Castles like Caernarfon, Conwy, Harlech, and Cardiff Castle are not just ruins; they’re incredibly well-preserved testaments to a turbulent history.

Culturally, Wales has a rich heritage. It’s famous for its choral singing and male voice choirs, a tradition that runs deep in the valleys. Rugby is practically a religion here, with the Welsh national team being a source of immense pride and passion. And Welsh mythology, full of dragons (yes, the dragon is on their flag!), kings, and magic, is fascinating.

Economically, Wales has a history rooted in coal mining and heavy industry, particularly in the South Wales Valleys. While those industries have declined, Wales has diversified into tourism, advanced manufacturing, and renewable energy. Its capital city, Cardiff (Caerdydd), is a vibrant, modern city with a bustling waterfront, a thriving arts scene, and a major university.

In a nutshell, what we know about Wales is that it's a small but mighty country with a big heart, a unique language, breathtaking landscapes, a proud history, and a culture that’s fiercely independent and welcoming all at once. It’s definitely a place worth exploring!

Often called the Emerald Isle, Ireland is a European nation situated in the northwest, encompassing the majority of the island it shares its name with. Renowned for its stunning scenery, deep history, and distinct culture, it is a captivating destination.

Dublin, the heart of Ireland, is a vibrant city situated on the eastern shore, where the River Liffey meets the sea. As the nation's capital, it serves as the focal point for politics, commerce, and cultural life.

Several crucial facts regarding Ireland and its capital city are as follows:

This island country boasts a varied terrain, featuring rolling green hills, dramatic rocky cliffs, expansive swamps, and stretches of pristine sandy beaches. Its climate is temperate, characterized by gentle winters and comfortably cool summers, frequently accompanied by significant precipitation.

Ireland’s past is rich and intricate, shaped by its Celtic roots, Viking incursions, Norman domination, British colonial rule, and the persistent fight for self-determination.

Irish culture is celebrated for its vibrant music scene, particularly its traditional melodies, lively dances, rich literary tradition featuring renowned authors, captivating folklore, and renowned warmth and hospitality. Gaelic, the Irish language, remains an integral part of the cultural legacy, though English serves as the primary language for everyday communication.

Ireland, as a member of the European Union, boasts a thriving economy characterized by its advanced technological sector, thriving pharmaceutical industry, robust agricultural practices, and flourishing tourism.

Ireland's emblem is the shamrock, representing the nation, while green serves as its official color.

Established by Vikings in the 9th century, Dublin has maintained its significance throughout history. The city has witnessed a range of pivotal events, encompassing both periods of upheaval, such as rebellions and sieges, and times of economic flourishing.

Dublin boasts a wealth of captivating attractions, including:

Established as Ireland's first university, Trinity College boasts a renowned library, home to the iconic Book of Kells.

Dublin Castle: A landmark fortress with a history of housing the British administrative leaders.

The awe-inspiring St. Patrick's Cathedral and Christ Church Cathedral: twin beacons of medieval architectural grandeur.

Temple Bar: A renowned district teeming with pubs and cultural venues, celebrated for its energetic nightlife scene.

Celebrating Dublin's abundant literary legacy, the Dublin Writers Museum stands as a tribute.

The National Museum of Ireland encompasses various branches, each dedicated to showcasing archaeology, decorative arts, and history.

Dublin offers a captivating blend of old and new, featuring historic structures harmonizing with contemporary architecture. The city is renowned for its welcoming ambiance, bustling pubs, vibrant street musicians, and thriving theater scene.

The city boasts an extensive transport network, providing convenient access via its airport, railway hubs, and a comprehensive public transportation system comprising buses, trams, and the Luas.

Ireland, a nation rich in tradition and brimming with contemporary life, boasts a captivating culture and history, with its capital city, Dublin, serving as its vibrant core.

Northern Ireland: A Land of Beauty, History, and Resilience

When we talk about Northern Ireland, we're looking at a fascinating and often complex part of the United Kingdom, located on the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland. It's a place that has seen its share of challenges, but also boasts incredible natural beauty, a rich cultural heritage, and a vibrant, forward-looking spirit.

At the heart of Northern Ireland is its capital city, Belfast.

• A City Reborn: For many years, Belfast was unfortunately associated with "The Troubles" — a period of political and sectarian conflict. However, in the decades since the Good Friday Agreement (1998), Belfast has undergone a remarkable transformation. It's now a dynamic, modern European city that has truly reinvented itself.

• Industrial Heritage: Belfast has a proud industrial past, most famously as the birthplace of the RMS Titanic. The Titanic Belfast museum is a world-class attraction that tells this story brilliantly and is a major draw for tourists. You can still see the massive Harland & Wolff cranes, "Samson and Goliath," dominating the skyline, a nod to its shipbuilding legacy.

• Culture and Arts: The city is buzzing with culture. You'll find a thriving arts scene, excellent theatres, live music venues, and a growing reputation for its food scene, from traditional pubs to Michelin-starred restaurants.

• Architecture: From grand Victorian buildings like City Hall to modern architectural marvels, Belfast offers a diverse visual landscape.

• Friendly Vibe: Despite its history, Belfast is known for its friendly locals and a welcoming atmosphere.

Beyond Belfast: What Defines Northern Ireland?

1. Stunning Landscapes: Northern Ireland is incredibly scenic.

• Giant's Causeway: This UNESCO World Heritage site on the Antrim Coast is a geological wonder, with its hexagonal basalt columns. It's truly breathtaking.

• Causeway Coastal Route: One of the world's great road trips, winding along dramatic cliffs, sandy beaches, and charming towns.

• Mourne Mountains: Majestic peaks in County Down, inspiring C.S. Lewis's Narnia.

• Lough Neagh: The largest lake by area in the British Isles.

• Game of Thrones Territory: Many iconic scenes from the HBO series were filmed here, drawing fans from around the globe.

• Part of the UK: Northern Ireland is one of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom (alongside England, Scotland, and Wales).

• Shared Island: It shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland, an independent country. This unique relationship has been a central theme in its history and politics, especially in the context of Brexit.

• Devolved Government: It has its own devolved government and assembly (Stormont) that makes decisions on many local matters, though ultimate sovereignty rests with the UK Parliament in Westminster.

3. Complex History & Identity:

• "The Troubles": This period of conflict (roughly late 1960s to 1998) was a deeply painful time. It involved political and sectarian violence between unionists (predominantly Protestant, who wish to remain part of the UK) and nationalists / republicans (predominantly Catholic, who seek a united Ireland).

• Peace Process: The Good Friday Agreement was a landmark peace deal that largely ended the conflict, establishing power-sharing arrangements and cross-border

Перевод:

Шотландия — поистине уникальная и очаровательная страна, которая является частью Соединенного Королевства и занимает северную треть острова Великобритания.

Когда вы думаете о Шотландии, на ум сразу же приходят несколько вещей:

• Потрясающие пейзажи: Шотландия славится своей захватывающей дух природной красотой. От живописного высокогорья с его древними горами и таинственными озерами (такими как легендарное озеро Лох-Несс!) до живописных островов у своего побережья — Шотландия предлагает одни из самых захватывающих пейзажей в мире. Кроме того, здесь есть пологие холмы низменностей и красивые, часто дикие береговые линии.

• Богатая история и культура: Шотландия богата историей. Вы найдете древние замки (например, Эдинбургский замок, возвышающийся высоко над городом), исторические поля сражений и увлекательные истории о королях, королевах, кланах и стремлении к независимости. Культура Шотландии яркая и самобытная, известная такими вещами, как:

• Волынка: Культовый звук, который вызывает в памяти образы шотландских собраний.

• Килты: Традиционная плиссированная одежда, часто в виде тартанов, характерных для определенных кланов.

• Виски: Шотландия известна на весь мир своим шотландским виски, винокурни расположены по всей стране.

• Хаггис — национальное блюдо, которое часто подается с “нипс энд таттис” (репой и картофелем).

• Роберт Бернс: Любимый национальный поэт, чествуемый каждый год в День Бернса.

• Оживленные города: Шотландия славится своими дикими пейзажами, но также может похвастаться и динамичными городами. Столица Эдинбург внесена в список Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО, это город с потрясающей архитектурой, историческим Старым городом и оживленной художественной средой (особенно во время фестиваля Fringe). Глазго — крупнейший город Шотландии, известный своей викторианской архитектурой, музеями мирового класса, фантастическими магазинами и оживленной музыкальной сценой.

• Дружелюбные люди: Шотландцы, как правило, известны своей теплотой, остроумием и гостеприимством. Здесь вы часто встретите хорошее чувство юмора и уютную атмосферу.

• Уникальная дикая природа: Помимо Несси, Шотландия является домом для самых разнообразных представителей дикой природы, включая благородных оленей, беркутов, тупиков, тюленей и даже дельфинов и китов у ее берегов.

По сути, Шотландия — это страна древних мифов и современных инноваций, дикой красоты и городского очарования, сильных традиций и устремленного в будущее духа. Это место действительно поражает воображение!

Прежде всего, когда большинство людей думают о Великобритании, они часто представляют себе Англию — с Лондоном, Биг-Беном, красными двухэтажными автобусами и Королевской семьей. Но важно помнить, что Великобритания на самом деле является островом, состоящим из трех стран: Англии, Шотландии и Уэльса. У каждого из них есть своя самобытность, традиции и даже языки (в некоторых частях Уэльса до сих пор говорят на валлийском, а в Шотландии — на шотландско-гэльском).

История — это огромная часть его самобытности. Мы говорим о вторжениях римлян, набегах викингов, средневековых замках, могущественных империях и двух мировых войнах. Куда бы вы ни отправились, вы практически всегда сможете посетить исторические достопримечательности, от Стоунхенджа до древнеримских бань в Бате и бесчисленных соборов и замков.

В культурном плане Великобритания так много дала миру. Подумайте о литературе: Шекспир, Джейн Остин, Чарльз Диккенс, Джоан Роулинг — список можно продолжать и продолжать. Кроме того, есть музыка: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Queen, Адель, Эд Ширан... они оказывают огромное влияние на мировую музыку. И, конечно, футбол там практически религия, у него страстные поклонники и знаменитые клубы.

В политическом плане это парламентская демократия с конституционной монархией. Это означает, что главой государства является король (в настоящее время король Карл III), но реальная власть принадлежит избранному парламенту и премьер-министру. «Мать парламентов» — это довольно важное событие с точки зрения того, как развивались современные демократии.

А как насчет стереотипов? Ну да, они действительно любят свой чай! А погода может быть немного... непредсказуемой, часто дождливой и серой, но это только делает эти солнечные дни еще более особенными. Вы также обнаружите хорошее чувство юмора, часто сухое и самоуничижительное, и сильную традицию использования пабов в качестве общественных центров.

От сурового шотландского нагорья до холмистой английской сельской местности, красивого побережья Уэльса и шумных космополитических городов — Великобритания представляет собой увлекательное и разнообразное место с богатой историей, традициями и людьми. Это страна, которая изменила мир во многих отношениях и продолжает оставаться крупным игроком на мировой арене.

Прежде всего, давайте проясним одну вещь: Уэльс — это страна, входящая в состав Соединенного Королевства, наряду с Англией, Шотландией и Северной Ирландией. Это не просто регион